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What is the ruling on Eid prayers? Praise be to Allaah. The scholars differed concerning the ruling on Eid prayers. There are three scholarly points of view: 1 – that Eid prayer is Sunnah mu’akkadah (a confirmed Sunnah). This is the view of Imam Maalik and Imam al Shaafa’i. 2 – that it is a communal obligation. This is the view of Imam Ahmad (ra7imahullah). 3 – that it is a duty for each Muslim and is obligatory for men; those who do not do it with no excuse are sinning thereby. This is the view of Imam Abu Haneefah (ra7imahullah), and was also narrated from Imam Ahmad. Among those who favoured this view were Shaykh al Islam Ibn Taymiyah and al Shawkaani (ra7imahumullah). See al Majmoo’, 5/5; al-Mughni, 3/253; al Insaaf, 5/316; al Ikhtiyaaraat, p. 82. Those who held the third view quoted several texts as evidence, including the following: 1 – The verse in which Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): “Therefore turn in prayer to your Lord and sacrifice (to Him only)” [al Kawthar 108:2] Ibn Qudaamah said in al-Mughni: The well-known view is that what is meant by this is the Eid prayer. Some of the scholars were of the view that what is meant in this verse is prayer in general, not just Eid prayer, so what the verse means is that we are commanded to devote our prayer and sacrifice to Allaah Alone, so it is like the verse in which He says (interpretation of the meaning): “Say (O Muhammad): ‘Verily, my Salaah (prayer), my sacrifice, my living, and my dying are for Allaah, the Lord of the ‘Aalameen (mankind, jinn and all that exists)’” [al An’aam 6:162] This view concerning this meaning of the verse was shared by Ibn Jareer (12/724) and Ibn Katheer (8/502). 2 – The fact that the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) commanded the people to go out to it (the Eid prayer) and even commanded the women to go out too. Al Bukhaari (324) and Muslim (890) narrated that Umm ‘Atiyyah (radiyAllaho 3anhaa) said: The Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) commanded us to bring them (women) out on (Eid) al Fitr and (Eid) al Adha, and to bring out adolescent girls, menstruating women and virgins, but the menstruating women were to stay away from the prayer, but were to witness goodness and the gathering of the Muslims. I said: “O Messenger of Allaah, what if one of us does not have a jilbaab?” He said: “Let her sister lend her a jilbab.” The evidence of this hadeeth that the Eid prayer is obligatory is stronger than the evidence of the verse quoted above. Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen said in Majmoo’ al Fataawa (16/214): What I think is that the Eid prayer is fard ‘ayn (an individual obligation), and that it is not permissible for men to miss it, rather they have to attend, because the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) enjoined that. He even commanded the women – including virgins and those who usually stayed in seclusion – to come out to the Eid prayer, and he commanded menstruating women to come out to the Eid prayer, but told them to keep away from the prayer-place itself. This indicates that it is confirmed. He also said (16/217): What seems more likely to be correct in my view, based on the evidence, is that it is fard ‘ayn (an individual obligation), and that it is obligatory for every male to attend the Eid prayer apart from those who have an excuse. Shaykh Ibn Baaz said in Majmoo’ al Fataawa, 13/7 concerning the view that it is fard ‘ayn: This view is more likely to be correct, based on the evidence. IslamQA __________________ ((إن أول بيت وضع للناس للذي ببكة مباركا و هدى للعالمين)) سـورة آل عـمران 96 اللهم اعد علينا شهر رمضان اعواما عديدة » ! اللّهمّ أرجعني إلى بيتك الحرام «
(#2 (permalink)) al Amaanah ♥Makkah wal Madinah♥
Way of Life: Muslim Re: Ruling on Eid and the Sunnahs of Eid - 2 Days Ago -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Quote: When should the
takbeer for Eid al Fitr begin and when does it end? Praise be to Allaah. At the end of Ramadaan Allaah has prescribed that His slaves should recite takbeer. Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning): “(He wants that you) must complete the same number (of days), and that you must magnify Allaah [i.e. to say Takbeer (Allaahu Akbar: Allaah is the Most Great)] for having guided you so that you may be grateful to Him” [al Baqarah 2:185] “that you must magnify Allaah” means venerating Him in your hearts and on your lips, by pronouncing the takbeer. So you should say: Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, laa ilaaha ill-Allaah, Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, wa Lillaahi’l-hamd (Allaah is Most Great, Allaah is Most Great, there is no god except Allaah, Allaah is Most Great, Allaah is Most Great, and all praise be to Allaah). Or you can say Allaahu akbar three times, so you say: Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, laa ilaaha ill-Allaah, Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, Allaahu akbar, wa Lillaahi’l-hamd (Allaah is Most Great, Allaah is Most Great, Allaah is Most Great, there is no god except Allaah, Allaah is Most Great, Allaah is Most Great , Allaah is Most Great, and all praise be to Allaah). Both are permissible. This takbeer is Sunnah according to the majority of scholars. It is Sunnah for both men and woman, in the mosque, in the home and in the marketplace. Men should say it out loud, and women should say it quietly, because women are commanded to lower their voices. Hence the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) said: “If you notice something during the prayer, men should say ‘Subhan Allaah!’ and women should clap.” So women should say the takbeer quietly and men should say it out loud. The time for this takbeer begins when the sun sets on the night of Eid (i.e., the night before) if it is known that the new month has begun when the sun sets, such as when the people have completed thirty days of Ramadaan, or when it is proven that the new moon of Shawwaal has been sighted. And it ends when the prayer begins, i.e., when they start the Eid prayer then the time for the takbeer ends. Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn ‘Uthaymeen, 16/269-272. Al Shaafa’i said in al Umm: Allaah says concerning the month of Ramadaan (interpretation of the meaning): “(He wants that you) must complete the same number (of days), and that you must magnify Allaah [i.e. to say Takbeer (Allaahu Akbar: Allaah is the Most Great)] for having guided you” [al Baqarah 2:185] I heard from some scholars whom I trust and who are knowledgeable about the Qur’aan: “(He wants that you) must complete the same number (of days), and that you must magnify Allaah [i.e. to say Takbeer (Allaahu Akbar: Allaah is the Most Great)] for having guided you” it is completed when the sun sets on the last day of the month of Ramadaan. Then al Shaafa’i said: When they see the new moon of Shawwaal, I like all the people to recite takbeer together and individually in the mosques, the marketplaces, the streets, the houses, travellers and non-travellers in all situations, no matter where they are. They should pronounce the takbeer openly and continue to recite it until they come to the prayer-place the next morning, and after that until the imam comes out to lead the prayer, then they should stop reciting the takbeer. Then he narrated from Sa’eed ibn al Musayyib, ‘Urwah ibn al Zubayr, Abu Salamah and Abu Bakr ibn ‘Abd al Rahmaan, that they used to recite takbeer on the night before Eid al-Fitr in the mosque, reciting the takbeer out loud. It was narrated from ‘Urwah ibn al Zubayr and Abu Salamah ibn ‘Abd al Rahmaan that they used to recite the takbeer out loud when they came to the prayer-pace in the morning, and that Naafi’ ibn Jubayr used to recite the takbeer out loud when he came to the prayer-place in the morning of the day of Eid. It was narrated from Ibn ‘Umar that he used to come to the prayer-place on the morning of the day of Eid al Fitr, when the sun had risen, and he would recite takbeer until he reached the prayer-place, then he would recite takbeer in the prayer-place until the imam sat down and stopped reciting takbeer. Islam Q&A Is Eid prayer obligatory for women? If it is obligatory, should they pray at home or in the musalla (prayer place)? Praise be to Allaah. It is not obligatory for women, but it is Sunnah. Women should offer this prayer in the prayer-place with the Muslims, because the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) enjoined them to do that. In al Saheehayn and elsewhere it is narrated that Umm ‘Atiyah (radiyAllaho 3anhaa) said: “We were commanded (and in one report it says, he commanded us – meaning the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam)) to bring out to the Eid prayers the adolescent girls and the women in seclusion, and he commanded the menstruating women to avoid the prayer-place of the Muslims.” Narrated by al Bukhaari, 1/93; Muslim, 890. According to another report: “We were commanded to come out and to bring out the adolescent girls and those in seclusion.” According to a report narrated by al Tirmidhi: The Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to bring out the virgins, adolescent girls, women in seclusion and menstruating women on the two Eids, but the menstruating women were to keep away from the prayer place and witness the gathering of the Muslims. One of them said, “O Messenger of Allaah, what if she does not have a jilbaab?” He said, “Then let her sister lend her one of her jilbaabs.” (Agreed upon). According to a report narrated by al Nasaa’i, Hafsah bint Sireen said: Umm ‘Atiyyah hardly ever mentioned the Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) but she would say, “May my father be sacrificed for him.” I said, “Did you hear the Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) say such and such,” and she said, “Yes, may my father be sacrificed for him, and he said, ‘Let the adolescent girls, women in seclusion and menstruating women come out to attend Eid and witness the gathering of the Muslims, but let the menstruating women avoid the prayer place.’” Narrated by al Bukhaari, 1/84 Based on the above, it is clear that for women to go out and attend the Eid prayers is a confirmed Sunnah, but that is subject to the condition that they do not go out unveiled or making a wanton display of themselves, as is known from other evidence. With regard to boys who have reached the age of discretion going out to Eid prayer, Jumu’ah prayers, etc., this is something which is well known and is prescribed in Islam, because there is a great deal of evidence to that effect. And Allaah is the Source of strength. Standing Committee for Academic Research and Issuing Fatwas, 8/284-286 IslamQA
Guidance of the Prophet (salla Allaho
3alaihi wasallam) regarding Eid prayers I would like to know the guidance of the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) regarding Eid prayers. Praise be to Allaah. The Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to offer the Eid prayers in the prayer-place (musalla). There is no report of his offering the Eid prayer in his mosque. Al-Shaafa’i said in al Umm: It was narrated that the Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to go out on the two Eids to the prayer-place in Madeenah, as did those (caliphs) who came after him, unless there was an excuse such as rain etc. The people of other lands did likewise, apart from the people of Makkah. He used to wear his most beautiful garments to go out to pray. He had a suit (hullah) which he would wear for Eid and Jumu’ah (Friday prayer). A hullah is a two-piece suit of the same kind of fabric. He used to eat dates before going out on Eid al Fitr, and he would eat an odd number of them. Al Bukhaari (953) narrated that Anas (radiyAllaho 3anh) said: The Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) did not go out on the morning of Eid al Fitr until he had eaten some dates, and he would eat an odd number. Ibn Qudaamah said: We do not know of any differing opinion concerning the fact that it is mustahabb to eat early on the day of Eid al Fitr. The reason for eating before the prayer is so that no one will think that it is essential to fast until the prayer has been offered. And it was said that this was in order to hasten to obey the command of Allaah Who enjoined breaking the fast after He enjoined fasting. If no dates are available, he should have something else for breakfast, even if it is only water, so that he can fulfil the Sunnah in principle, which is to have something for breakfast before praying on Eid al Fitr. With regard to Eid al Adha, the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used not to eat anything until he came back from the prayer-place, then he would eat some of the meat of his sacrifice. It was narrated that he used to do ghusl for both Eids. Ibn al Qayyim said: Two weak (da’eef) hadeeths have been narrated concerning this… but it was proven from Ibn ‘Umar, who was very keen to follow the Sunnah, that he used to do ghusl before going out on the day of Eid. And he (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to go out to the Eid prayer walking, and come back walking. Ibn Maajah (1295) narrated that Ibn ‘Umar said: The Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to go out to the Eid (prayer) walking and come back walking. Classed as saheeh by al Albaani in Saheeh Ibn Maajah. Al Tirmidhi (530) narrated that ‘Ali ibn Abi Taalib said: It is Sunnah to go out to the Eid (prayer) walking. Classed as hasan by al Albaani in Saheeh al Tirmidhi. Al Tirmidhi said: Most of the scholars followed this hadeeth and said that it is mustahabb for a man to go out to the Eid (prayer) walking. It is mustahabb for him not to ride unless he has an excuse. When the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) reached the prayer-place, he would begin the prayer with no adhaan or iqaamah, and without saying “Al salaatu jaami’ah (prayer is about to begin).” The Sunnah is not to do any of these things. And he did not offer any prayer in the prayer-place before or after the Eid prayer. The Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) would start with the prayer, before the khutbah. He prayed two rak’ahs, with seven consecutive takbeers in the first rak’ah, including takbeerat al ihraam (the takbeer with which the prayer begins), and a brief pause between each two takbeers. There is no report of him saying any particular dhikr between the takbeers, but it was narrated that Ibn Mas’ood would praise Allaah and send blessings upon the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam). But Ibn ‘Umar, who was always keen to follow the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam), used to raise his hands with each takbeer. When he had completed the takbeers, he would start to recite. He would recite al Faatihah then recite Qaf wa’l-Qur’aan il-majeed (Soorah Qaaf 50) in the first rak’ah and Aqtarabat il-saa’ah wa anshaqqa al-qamar (Soorat al-Qamar 54) in the other. Sometimes he recited Sabbih isma rabbika al-A’la (Soorat al-A’laa 87) and Hal ataaka hadeeth al-ghaashiyah (Soorat al-Ghaashiyah 88). Both were narrated in saheeh reports, but no other soorahs are mentioned in saheeh reports. When he had finished reciting he would say takbeer and bow. When he had finished bowing and prostrating and had stood up again, he would say five takbeers. When he had completed the takbeers he would start to recite again. The takbeer was the first thing that he would do in each rak’ah and his recitation was followed by rukoo’ (bowing). Al Tirmidhi narrated from the hadeeth of Katheer ibn ‘Abd Allaah ibn ‘Amr ibn ‘Awf, from his father, from his grandfather, that the Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) recited takbeer in the Eid (prayer), seven times in the first rak’ah before reciting Qur’aan and five times in the second rak’ah before reciting Qur’aan. Al Tirmidhi said: I asked Muhammad – i.e., al-Bukhaari – about this hadeeth and he said: There is nothing more sound than this concerning this topic. And I say likewise. When the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) had finished the prayer, he would move away and stand facing the people, with the people sitting in their rows, and he would address them, preaching and exhorting, with commands and prohibitions. If he wanted to dispatch anyone on a mission he would do so, and if he wanted to enjoin anything he would do that. There was no minbar on which he would stand, and the minbar of Madeenah was not brought out. Rather he would address them standing on the ground. Jaabir said: I attended Eid prayer with the Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam). He started with the prayer before the khutbah, with no adhaan and no iqaamah, then he stood, leaning on Bilaal, and enjoined us to fear and obey Allaah. He preached to the people and reminded them, then he went over to the women and preached to them and reminded them. Agreed upon. Abu Sa’eed al Khudri (radiyAllaho 3anh) said: The Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to go out on the day of al-Fitr and al-Adha to the prayer place. He would start with the prayer, then he would go and stand facing the people, with the people sitting in their rows… This hadeeth was narrated by Muslim. The Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) started all his khutbahs with praise of Allaah. It is not narrated even in one hadeeth that he started the khutbah of Eid with takbeer. Rather Ibn Maajah narrated in his Sunan (1287) that Sa’d al-Qaraz, the muezzin of the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) said: The Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to say the takbeer between the two sermons and he used to say takbeer a great deal throughout the khutbah of Eid. This was classed as da’eef by al Albaani in Da’eef Ibn Maajah. Although the hadeeth is da’eef, it does not indicate that the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to begin his khutbah with takbeer. It says in Tamaam al Mannah: Although it does not indicate that it is prescribed to begin the Eid khutbah with takbeer, its isnaad is da’eef and includes one man who is da’eef (weak) and another who is majhool (unknown), so it is not permissible to quote it as evidence that it is Sunnah to say takbeer during the khutbah. Ibn al Qayyim said: People differed as to how the khutbah on Eid and on the occasion of prayers for rain (istisqa’) should begin. It was said that they should begin with takbeer and it was said that the khutbah of istisqa’ should begin with prayers for forgiveness, and it was said that they should begin with praise. Shaykh al Islam Ibn Taymiyah said: this is the correct view. The Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to begin all his khutbahs with praise of Allaah. The Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) granted a concession allowing those who attended the Eid prayers either to sit and listen to the khutbah, or to leave. Abu Dawood (1155) narrated that ‘Abd Allaah ibn al Saa’ib said: I attended Eid (prayer) with the Messenger of Allaah (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam), and when he had finished the prayer he said: “We are going to deliver the khutbah, so whoever wants to sit and listen to the khutbah, let him do so, and whoever wants to leave, let him go.” Classed as saheeh by al Albaani in Saheeh Abi Dawood. The Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) used to vary his route on the day of Eid. He would go by one route and come back by another. Al Bukhaari narrated (986) that Jaabir ibn ‘Abd Allaah said: On the day of Eid, the Prophet (salla Allaho 3alaihi wasallam) would vary his route. IslamQA
http://www.islamicboard.com/fasting-ramadhan-eid-ul-fitr/134287960-ruling-eid-sunnahs-eid.html |
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